青海的光伏帝国——安枕无忧？

编者按：今年5月，青海省宣布将以1.15元/千瓦时的价格补贴在9月30日前建成的光伏电站，且未对总量设置上限，此举一出，立即引爆国内光伏产业界。位于海西的格尔木一夜之间成为全球光伏产业界瞩目的焦点。

从青海西宁前往格尔木市818公里的漫长里程，如同一个磁场，自6月份开始，就吸引众多太阳能光伏从业者不断涌入，这其中也包括了胡桂所，中盛光电中国区经理。胡桂所在接受记者采访时表示：“太火了，格尔木市现在基本招不到工人。”

930规划众多参与企业均认为届时光伏电站建成数据可达800兆瓦。分割下来，条件最佳的格尔木市将至少建成300兆瓦的光伏电站。而与之相较，2010年国内光伏安装量仅为380兆瓦。中国可再生能源学会副理事长赵玉文表示。“之前听说青海方面和国家发改委谈过，但最终有多少项目获得批准，又能有多少国家补贴下发，仍是一个未知数。”但是这并不妨碍企业进入的热情。在巨大的项目工程背后，有着豪华的企业阵容：中广核、华电国际、国电龙源电力、国投华靖、三峡集团、浙江正泰集团、中国风电、黄河上游水电公司、尚德电力。

有业主认为这是国内光伏市场大规模开启的信号，但也有投资者认为许多问题需要重视：800兆瓦光伏安装量需要至少130亿元的补贴，如此巨大财力是由国家还是青海担纲？另一方面，三个月的建设周期，其工程质量是否可以保证，电网等配套能否跟上？
 

图：黄河水电公司格尔木200兆瓦并网光伏电站。

青海的光伏帝国

为促进光伏电站与青海电网协调发展，青海省电力公司利用2年时间和中国电科院合作完成了《光伏发电消纳能力及对电网的影响研究》、《光伏发电发展规模研究》及《适应大规模光伏接入的合理电网结构研究》三项课题。今年6月份和青海电力设计院、中国电科院依据现有的网架结构，开展了光伏电站送出问题的研究，编制了海西地区光伏电站接入系统初步方案。

青海光伏电站主要分布在格尔木、德令哈、锡铁山、乌兰等地。在海西地区光伏电站接入系统工程建设协调会上传出消息，海西地区光伏电站接入青海电网工程进展顺利，线路基础开挖基本完成，基础浇筑接近尾声，即将转入架线阶段。仅仅在距离格尔木市区约30公里的东出口光伏发电园区内，就有4000多名建设人员正在紧张施工中。

几个月过去了，青海创造了世界光伏产业发展史上前所未有的奇迹。格尔木市能源局一位负责人介绍，各企业正利用力争在9月30日前完成300兆瓦上网发电容量，并尽可能建成更多的光伏发电并网容量，力争达到495兆瓦以上。

产业的迅速聚集创造了“五个世界之最”：世界上太阳能光伏装机最集中的地区、世界上最大的在建光伏电站、世界上同一地区短期内最大光伏发电安装量、世界上规模最大的在建光伏并网系统工程、世界范围内首度即将实现千兆瓦级光伏电站并网。

截至2011年8月，青海省已建成的国电格尔木20兆瓦、国投格尔木20兆瓦、中广核一期20兆瓦等５个光伏发电项目已经实现并网发电，且集中在海西地区，并网容量达到70兆瓦。如果年底前海西地区40座光伏电站915兆瓦光伏发电容量接入青海电网的话，这将是青海电网第一次大规模接入近千兆瓦级光伏电站。“经过各方努力，争取9月底能够实现光伏并网140兆瓦。”9月16日，青海省常务副省长、青海新能源开发建设协调领导小组组长徐福顺在2011中国青海光伏产业发展研讨会上表示，年底确保并网900兆瓦，争取1000兆瓦。

仅从海西地区的统计数据推算得知，从9月到年底四个月的时间里，青海省海西地区将建成投产的光伏装机容量达845兆瓦，35家光伏发电企业将实现并网发电。10月22日，由中电投黄河水电公司投资建设的青海乌兰50兆瓦并网光伏电站已开始并网调试。地处柴达木盆地的青海乌兰50兆瓦并网光伏电站是目前国内3000米以上高海拔地区在建的最大的光伏电站。工程生产运行期为25年，运行期年平均上网电量超过8000万千瓦时。11月10日，浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司也宣布其位于青海省格尔木的20MWp光伏电站建成。据了解，正泰太阳能格尔木20MWp电站计划总投资4亿元，占地760亩。该项目为正泰太阳能位于格尔木的500MW光伏并网电站的一期项目。

目前在建的并网系统工程中，格尔木地区23座，建设容量545兆瓦，建成容量505兆瓦；乌兰地区4座，建成容量80兆瓦；锡铁山地区5座，建成容量130兆瓦；德令哈地区8座，建设容量160兆瓦，建成容量115兆瓦。作为接入工程的总承包方，青海电力设计院正在全面加强和协调工程相关采购、设计、施工等项目管理工作，确保按期交付使用。

据介绍，海西地区光伏电站接入系统工程作为青海省海西地区光伏电站并网发电的总体策划，对项目的建设起着至关重要的作用。主要包括格尔木330千伏汇集站输变电工程，德令哈汇集站输变电工程，黄河水电格尔木200兆瓦并网光伏电站330千伏线路工程，黄河水电乌兰50兆瓦并网光伏电站110千伏线路工程，北庄变扩建35千伏间隔。

另有资料显示，海西光伏电站格尔木330千伏汇集站是青海省海西地区光伏电站上网的重点工程项目，它的按期建成可以解决多座在建光伏电站的上网需求，为青海省光伏产业的发展奠定坚实的基础。

 
图：技术人员在黄河水电公司格尔木200兆瓦并网光伏电站升压站检查设备

发改委的“路条”

据多位业内人士证实，“青海930”光伏计划由该省于5月初推出，但仅是大中型发电集团及与青海省关系密切的光伏企业接到通知，并未正式向社会公布。

据中盛光电胡桂所看来，“青海推出如此庞大计划的目的，主要是想让数年前尚德、国电、大唐等集团布局的光伏发电项目落地，将本省建成全国的新能源循环示范基地。”此前青海虽与众多大集团签约诸多光伏电站项目，但大多停留纸上。自2008年以来，格尔木市共与25家企业签约28个光伏发电项目，但直到2011年5月底，仅有6个项目开工建设，并已建成41兆瓦。9月30日前至少需建成300兆瓦的安装量，为3年之和的7倍多。

格尔木市提供的材料显示，龙源格尔木新能源开发有限公司(一期)、国投格尔木光伏发电有限公司(一期)等7个光伏发电项目，已获青海发改委核准，总建设规模115兆瓦；浙江正泰太阳能科技有限公司、青海水利水电集团等13个项目，已取得青海发改委“路条”，总建设规模205兆瓦。两项合计，共为320兆瓦。作为年底完成495兆瓦建设目的的重要组成，黄河上游水电开发有限公司、山东力诺太阳能电力工程有限公司等5个项目，正积极争取省发展改革委“路条”，预计总建设规模460兆瓦，总投资92亿元。

赛维LDK中国区销售总监姚峰表示，格尔木市日照时数超过3600小时，属全国光照最优区域之一，赛维LDK目前也在积极与投资方接触。在“青海930”规划推出之后，各大企业与青海的接触频率加快，而力度之大亦前所未有。

6月份，龙源电力与青海科技厅、格尔木政府签订投资协议，前者将在格尔木建设100兆瓦大型并网光伏示范电站；几乎同时，华能集团也与青海省政府签署了战略合作协议，联手在青海开发包括光伏电站在内的能源项目。 中广核集团则在6月11日成立了青海分公司，目前在青海的10兆瓦光伏发电项目建成投产，二期30兆瓦项目已动土，三期60兆瓦项目可望近期拿到通行证。

暗藏的隐患

自6月以来，各大招标通知函开始发向众多光伏组件企业，而通知函的项目内容大多为各大电力集团在格尔木的光伏电站项目。

英利集团一位负责人证实，该集团近期与黄河水电签订合同，为该公司在青海乌兰地区和格尔木地区项目提供110兆瓦组件，“发货时间要在6月至8月完成，因为必须要在9月30日之前安装完。”国内一家大型组件厂商负责人对此忧虑表示，一个10兆瓦以上的光伏电站项目，从施工准备、土建施工，到设备安装及调试直至竣工验收，需要约3-5个月时间，但现今许多项目6月份才开始动工，“施工质量如何保证，组件的转换率如何达标？”

2010年青海省的光伏装机容量为30兆瓦，预计在今年年底的光伏装机容量为55兆瓦。业内推测的800兆瓦的安装量，已达到青海先前计划的近16倍。事实上，在先前各地的光伏电站及金太阳项目中，即发现由于赶工期、收益率不佳等因素，许多投资商选用劣质组件的问题。该负责人同时认为，众多的光伏电站落成，需要有一个好的升压点，“但现今国家电网方面是否已经同意配套，并全额收购所有可上网的电力？”其举例，去年年底涉及54兆瓦、39个金太阳工程的取消，部分项目最重要的原因是无电网接入。

青海省发改委一位人士表示，为了应对并网的难题，青海将先把发电量汇集到110千伏的变电站，然后并入电网。问题在于，1.15元/度的上网电价让企业怦然心动（2010年280兆瓦特许权光伏电站的招标价多在1元/度以下），但该价格是否可以履行尚属疑问。

“这个计划已经报给国家发改委审批了，如果给不了1.15元，差价将由我们掏钱补足。”上述青海省发改委人士表示。根据数位光伏企业人士的预测，依照1.15元/度的上网电价，安装总量为800兆瓦的光伏电站项目约需补贴130亿。如若对应青海省204.97亿元的一般预算收入，则十分艰难。“关键在于国家能够拿出过百亿的补贴给青海吗？”前述光伏企业负责人感慨，退一万步而言，纵使国家完全补贴，甘肃、内蒙古、新疆、宁夏等光伏资源优越省份亦会提出同等要求，对此难以协调。

问题与挑战并存

电网是一个畸形产物，光伏和风电对电网来说都是垃圾电。这次青海都要业主自己建设汇流站，而这也成了青海电站并网的难题之一，汇流站投资额不低，如果大规模并网，个人还是看好热发电。如果把中国的每一个省看作欧洲的一个国家，市场巨大情况各不同。比如青海，中国第一主战场，明后年可能就要按上网容量分配项目了。

在金融危机的冲击下，世界经济增长放缓已成定局。随着金融危机的不断恶化，近几年一直艳阳高照的我国光伏行业突然乌云重重。“市场萎缩、资金链断裂、减产、裁员、停工”等传闻风声四起，太阳能光伏产业的冬天已经来临，青海省也受到不小的冲击。

青海省新能源（集团）有限公司董事长张治民介绍，随着金融危机向实体经济扩散，银行的经营压力、盈利压力、放贷风险越来越大。在此背景之下，银行的放贷显得相对谨慎，严格把关，对于青海省光伏企业而言，获取贷款显得并不容易。

据青海省科技厅调查显示，对于尚处于以出口为主要目标的我国光伏产业而言，面临的共同难题就是，融资成本大幅上升、资金筹措难度增大、市场信贷及市场需求不确定性增加等一系列经营风险，而资本支出较高的硅材料生产企业受到的压力和冲击则更大。专家分析，这些不利影响目前只是初现端倪，其深层影响将在明年会进一步显现出来。这就意味着本已竞争激烈的国内光伏产业在今后必将面临洗牌的严峻考验。

目前青海省光伏企业应开拓新的市场，在充分发挥现有欧美光伏市场渠道作用的同时，要开发新兴市场特别是亚太市场和中东市场，同时，加大技术改造，进一步提高太阳能电池平均转换效率，提高产品质量，降低产品价格，走出光伏寒冬的阴影。

可再生能源学会的吴达成主任也表示，他认为目前光伏业遇到的情况与其它行业一样，困难是暂时的，新能源未来发展看好，并表示青海格尔木现在新能源发展很快，当地非常欢迎逆变器、蓄电池等新能源配套企业去当地投资办厂，当地措施优惠，有兴趣企业或自然人可去考察。

加大政府扶持力度，是帮助青海省光伏产业应对危机的关键所在。世界光伏产业强国的经验证明，政府引导和政策扶持是光伏产业发展的主要动力。在经济大环境趋紧、企业经营受阻的情况下，充分发挥政府职能，进一步加大政策扶持力度是帮助青海省光伏产业应对危机、度过难关的关键所在。

发挥青海省发展光伏产业的独特优势。发挥资源优势，青海省太阳能资源丰富，加之水电及硅矿石资源优势显著，为发展光伏产业创造了重要条件；发挥成本优势。青海省劳动力相对低廉，土地价格便宜，在一定程度上降低了光伏产业的生产管理成本；发挥市场优势，青海省独特的地理资源环境决定了光伏产业在省内具备广阔的应用空间和巨大的市场潜力。

Qinghai’s PV Empire—No Worries?

Editor’s Note: In May, 2011, Qinghai Province announced feed-in-tariff of 1.15 yuan/kwh for solar PV plants built before September 30. This announcement immediately set off the investment of PV industry to Qinghai. Golmud, a city in the western Qinghai, became the focus of the global solar PV industry.

The 818 km long distance From Xining to Golmud sets up a magnetic field, since the beginning of June, full of many solar PV practitioners continue to flow in, which also includes the Hu Guisuo, Optical in China by the Regional Manager, in his interview with the reporter, said: 'It's the fire, and Golmud City, is now essential to recruit workers.

According to PV players of Qinghai "930" PV plan, the data in the enterprise are then up to 800 megawatts, Split down the best conditions for the completion of Golmud City will be at least 300 megawatts of photovoltaic power plants. By contrast, the domestic photovoltaic installation in 2010 was only 380 MW. Before I heard the Qinghai area and talked to the NDRC, but in the end how many projects have been approved, but also issued a number of state subsidies, it is still unknown.' China Renewable Energy Society, Vice Chairman Zhao Yuwen said. But this does not prevent the entry of firms enthusiasm in the engineering behind the huge project, with a lineup of luxury companies: China Guangdong Nuclear Power, Huadian Power International, China Long Yuan Electric Power, SDIC Huajing, the Three Gorges Group, Zhejiang Chint Group, China's wind electricity, the Yellow River Hydro, Suntech Power.

Some owners think that this is a large-scale domestic PV market open signal, but there are many issues that investors need to focus on: 800 MW of PV installed capacity needs at least $ 13 billion subsidy, such a huge financial resources by the State or the Qinghai featuring? On the other hand, the three-month construction period, whether it can guarantee the quality of its engineering, power grids and other facilities can keep up?

Qinghai’s PV Empire

Qinghai provincial power company spent 2 years with China power science institute to complete 3 research projects. In June, 2011, the company with Qinghai power design institute, China power science institute built the plan for the grid connection system in Haixi. PV plants in Qinghai mainly located in Golmud, Delingha, Xitiesan, Wulan etc. It’s said the grid connection system construction developed well. In the photovoltaic park, only 30km away from Golmud downtown, more than 4,000 construction workers are busy in construction.

A few months passed. Qinghai has created unprecedented miracle in the history of the world’s photovoltaic industry. The PV industry developed so quickly established many new records of the world—the most concentrated areas of PV capacity installed in the world, the largest PV plant under construction in the world, the largest photovoltaic installation in the same area and short term in the world, the largest grid-connected PV system under construction in the world, the first gigawatt-level grid-connected PV plant coming into being soon in the word.

As of August, 2011, 5 pv plants, such as GUODIAN’s 20MW project in Golmud, CGN Solar’s 20MW project, have connected the grid and generated power. They mainly located in Haixi, Qinghai.

If 40 PV plants with 915MW totally connect grid in Qinghai before the end of 2011, this will be the first time for Qinghai Grid to connect with PV plant at gigawatt level. “By the efforts of all developers, we hope to reach the goal of 140MW before the end of September.” Xu Fushun, executive vice governor of Qinghai Province and leader of Qinghai New Energy Development and Construction, said on Qinghai 2011 Photovoltaic Industry Development Seminar that at the end of 2011 to ensure that the grid-connected capacity reach 900 MW and to strive for 1000 MW.

We can estimate form the statistical data of Haixi that total 845MW project will be completed and 35 developers will generate power with grid-connection from September to the end of 2011.
On October 22, 50MW PV plant in Wulan, Qinghai, invested by China Power Investment Group, began to test grid connection, which is the largest PV plant under construction in the area of high altitude above 3000 meters in China currently. The plant’s operation lifespan is 25 years with annual average power generation more than 80 million KWh.

On November 10, Astronergy announced that its 20MWp PV plant completed in Golmud. It’s said the total investment is 4000 million yuan and covers 760 acres. It’s Phase 1 project of total 500MW.

In the grid-connected PV system under construction, there are 23 plants with total 545MW planned and 505MW completed in Golmud, 4 PV plants with total 80MW in Wulan, 5 PV plants with total 130MW in Xitieshan, 8 plants with total 160MW planed and 115MW completed in Delingha.The grid connection system in Haixi is very important to its PV plant. The system mainly includes 330KV collection and transmission project in Golmud, which can solve grid connection problem of many pv plants under construction and laid a solid foundation for PV development in Qinghai.

‘Permit' of Development and Reform Commission

According to several industry sources confirmed, 'Qinghai 930' photovoltaic program launched by the province in early May, but only medium-sized power generation groups and solar companies with close ties to Qinghai Province received a notice has not been officially announced to the public.
Qinghai launch such a massive project main purpose is to make a few years ago, Suntech, State Power, Datang Group and other floor layout of PV power generation projects, the province's new energy into the country's cycle of demonstration bases. Are looking at the HU Guisuo, Optical in China, although with many Qinghai had signed a number of large groups of photovoltaic power plant project, but most remain on paper.

Since 2008, Golmud City, with a total of 25 enterprises signed 28 photovoltaic power generation projects, but until the end of May 2011, only six projects under construction and 41 MW have been completed before December 30,. 9300 completed at least MW of installed capacity, for three years and seven times.

Golmud to provide the material shows Longyuan Golmud New Energy Development Co., Ltd. (a), SDIC Golmud PV Co., Ltd. (a) and 7 PV projects have been approved by Qinghai Development and Reform Commission, the total construction size of 115 MW, Zhejiang Chint Solar Technology Co., Ltd., Qinghai group of 13 water conservancy and hydropower projects have made Qinghai Development and Reform Commission, 'Permit', with a total construction scale of 205 MW. The two together, a total of 320 MW.

End of 495 MW as the purpose of building a vital part of Yellow River Hydropower Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the 'Yellow River Hydropower'), Shandong Marino Solar Power Engineering Co., Ltd. and four other projects, is actively seeking Provincial Development and Reform Commission 'Lutiao', the estimated total construction scale 460 MW with a total Investment 9.2 billion.

LDK, China Sales Director Yao Feng told reporters, Golmud number more than 3,600 hours of sunshine, the region is one of the country the best light, LDK is also currently active contacts with investors.

Reporters also noted that the 'Qinghai 930' plan after the release of major companies to speed up the frequency of contact and Qinghai, but also the intensity of the unprecedented large.

In June, the Long Yuan Electric Power Science and Technology Department with the Qinghai Golmud government signed an investment agreement, the former in the Golmud to build 100 megawatt grid-connected PV demonstration power plant, is almost the same time, Huaneng Group and the Qinghai provincial government also signed a strategic alliance agreement development including photovoltaic power plant in Qinghai, including energy projects in the Guangdong Nuclear Power Group was established on June 11 Qinghai branch, currently 10 MW of photovoltaic power generation Qinghai project put into operation, two 30 MW projects have been ground-breaking, three 60-megawatt project is expected to pass near future to get.

A few Potential Pitfalls

Since June, the major tender notification letter sent to a number of PV modules starting businesses, but most of the content of letters of the project in the Golmud major Power Group's photovoltaic power plant project.

Yingli Group, an official confirmed that the group recently signed a contract with the Yellow River water, the company in the region and the Golmud Green Hai Wulan 110 MW project components, delivery time to be completed between June and August, because must be in before September 30, installed.

Responsible for a large domestic component manufacturers who have worried that more than a 10-megawatt photovoltaic power plant project, from construction preparation, civil construction, equipment installation and commissioning up to the final acceptance, takes about 3-5 months, but Today many of the projects started in June began, how to ensure the quality of construction, the conversion rate to standard components?

Qinghai Province in 2010 to 30 MW of photovoltaic capacity, by the end of this year's PV installed capacity of 55 MW in the industry speculated that the 800 MW installed capacity has reached nearly 16 previously planned Qinghai-fold.

In fact, over the previous Golden Sun, and photovoltaic power plant project, which found that as time duration, poor yields and other factors, many investors use inferior components of the problem.

The official also believes that the completion of a large number of photovoltaic power plants, need a good step-up point, 'but whether the current National Grid has agreed to support, and full acquisition of all the Internet's power?' Their example, late last year involving 54 MW, 39 Golden Sun works to cancel part of the project the most important reason is that no grid access.

Qinghai Province Development and Reform Commission, told reporters that, in response to grid problems, collection of electricity in Qinghai to the first 110 kV substation, then to the grid. The problem is, 1.15 yuan/kWh tariff to allow enterprises resist (2010, 280 MW solar power plant concession tender price of more than 1 yuan/degrees, but the price is doubtful whether it can perform.

This program has been reported to the National Development and Reform Commission for approval, and if you cannot give 1.15 yuan, the difference will make up our money.' The Qinghai Province Development and Reform Commission said. According to several solar companies are forecast, according to 1.15 yuan/kWh of electricity price, total 800 megawatts of installed photovoltaic power plant project is about 13 billion subsidy. Should correspond to the general budget of 20.497 billion yuan Qinghai income, very difficult.

The key is to come up over billions of state subsidies to the Qinghai it?' PV business executives feeling the aforementioned, one step back is concerned, even though the country's total subsidy, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Ningxia and other provinces of photovoltaic resource location also made the same request, which is difficult to coordinate

Qinghai PV industry output in 2020 is expected to hundreds of billions. On August 9, the reporter learned from the Qinghai Province Development and Reform Commission, 2015, Qinghai Province, household, building-integrated photovoltaic BIPV, solar photovoltaic lighting system installed capacity will reach 50 MW, large-scale desert solar and net installed capacity of nearly 1100 MW power plant; 2020 will build a complete industrial chain of photovoltaic, solar PV industry annual output value reached 100 billion yuan into the development of Qinghai Province, a major force in new industries and industrial sectors important pillar industries.

Troubles and challenges

Grid is a product of deformity, photovoltaic and wind power are both garbage power for the grid. In Qinghai, the owners have to build convergence by themselves, and this has become one of the difficult problems for connect to the grid in Qinghai, the investment for the convergence is not low, and if connect to the gird for large-scale, I still optimistic for CSP project. If you see every province of China as a European country, a huge market has different situation. Such as Qinghai, China’s first main battlefield, the next two years may allocate the project by grid capacity.

After the financial crisis, the world’s economic slowdown is a foregone conclusion. With the worsening financial crisis, in recent years, the blooming PV industry in our country suddenly meets the clouds. “Market decline, capital strand breaks, production cuts, layoffs” and other rumors are everywhere, solar industry has come to winter, Qinghai Province has also been impact a lot.

Zhang Zhimin, the chairman of Qinghai New Energy (Group) Co., Ltd said, as the financial crisis spread to the real economy, the bank’s operating pressure, earnings pressure, lending risk are growing. In this context, the bank’s lending appears to be relatively cautious and strict, for the PV enterprises in Qinghai, is not easy to obtain the loans.

According to the survey from Qinghai Science and Technology Department, for the PV industry in our country which still rely on export, the common problem is that financing costs have risen sharply, financing becomes more difficult, market credit and demand uncertainty are increasing, and silicon materials producer which has higher capital spending will have more pressure and impact. Expert analysis, these adverse effects are merely the beginning of another, the underlying impact will be more apparent in the next year. This means that the already fierce competition in the domestic PV industry will face reshuffle test in the future.

Currently, Qinghai PV enterprises should open new market, beside the existing European and US market, develop emerging markets, especially Asia-Pacific market and the Middle East market, meanwhile, improving the technology, further improve the average efficiency of solar cell, improve product quality, lower prices, out of the shadow of PV winter.

Wu Dacheng, the director from Renewable Energy Society said, he believes that the current case which in PV industry is same like other industries, difficulties are temporary, optimistic about the future development of new energy, new energy grow fast in Golmud, Qinghai, the local government welcome inverter, cell and other new energy companies to invest factories.

Increasing government support is the key to help Qinghai PV industry over the crisis. The experience from the leader of PV industry shows that, government guidance and policy support is the main driver of PV industry. In tight economic environment, business disruption situation, give full play to government functions, further intensifies policy support is the key to help Qinghai PV industry to over the crisis.

Use the unique advantage of Qinghai PV industry. Advantage of resources and abundant solar energy resources in Qinghai, together with water and mineral resources, created important conditions for PV industry; Use the advantage of cost. The labor and land are relatively cheap in Qinghai, reduce the cost of production and management at certain extent; Use the advantage of market, the unique geographical resources environment determines Qinghai has the broad application space and the huge market potential.